Essentially, a knee replacement procedure is done to relieve pain and improve motion. When patients are severely affected by knee damage due to arthritis, trauma, or some other disorder of the joints, total knee replacement is required. This is the only option available after medications, injections, therapy, etc., have failed to reduce the symptoms.
The knee implant is surely an important thing to be fitted into a knee to replace the damaged knee joint. There are different types of knee implants nowadays. Every one of those things is specifically designed depending on the condition of the patient, their age, activity level, and knee condition.
This knowledge of the options would help you in making a sound decision on the knee replacement surgery. Well, then, these are the varieties of knee replacement implants:
1. Fixed-Bearing Implants
Fixed-bearing implants rank among the most utilized and have a history of great success. In this design, the plastic part on the tibial side is fixed to the metal base. The femoral component, which attaches to the thigh bone, moves over it.
Such an implant is recommended for older people or individuals who have a more sedentary lifestyle. It is reliable and serves the majority of individuals who do not place much strain on the knee joint by engaging in rigorous physical exercise.
2. Mobile-Bearing Implants
Mobile-bearing implants are designed to allow more movement. In this implant, the plastic insert can rotate slightly on the metal tray, mimicking more natural knee motion. This additional movement may help reduce wear over time, especially for younger or more active patients.
However, these implants need better soft tissue stability, and not every patient is a good fit. There’s also a slightly higher chance of the implant moving out of place if not aligned properly.
3. Medial Pivot Implants
A medial pivot implant works identically to a natural knee. The inner (medial) side of the knee is held more firmly with this implant, allowing the outer (lateral) part to have freer movement. This design helps in providing natural movements to individuals with daily activities, whether it is walking or climbing stairs.
Knee patients with medial pivot implants report that their knees feel smooth and stable while bending and extending. Its popularity is on the rise and is primarily promoted by the comfort and performance of its design.
4. Gender-Specific or Gender-Neutral Implants
Men and women may have different knee shapes and sizes. Some implant designs take these anatomical differences into account. These are called gender-specific implants. For example, female knees often have a narrower shape, and the implants are made to match that structure.
There are also some new types of implants that are gender-neutral but are made to fit effectively in a wide range of knee shapes. The decision to use a gender-specific implant or not is based on the anatomy of the patient, and this can be identified in the pre-surgery planning stage.
5. Customized Knee Implants
A customized implant is generally made for a patient based on the detailed imaging and 3D models. Such implants are supposed to fit more precisely into the knee anatomy of the patient. Better fit means better alignment, which automatically tends to result in better functioning of the joint.
Custom implants are especially useful if the person has a distinct bone structure, deformity, or previous surgeries on the bone. These implants tend to take more time in manufacturing and are expensive. However, they are gaining worldwide popularity in the joint replacement sector.
6. Partial Knee Implants
A partial knee replacement can be an option when arthritis affects one compartment of the knee, typically the inner side. During this procedure, it is only the damaged component that is changed, and the remainder of the knee is saved.
Partial knee implants are used to preserve more of the natural bone and ligaments, which can result in quicker recovery and a more natural sensation. However, they are not for everyone. This choice is determined by the grade and place of joint damage.
Choosing the Right Knee Implant
Several factors affect the choice of a knee implant:
- Age and activity level: Younger and more active individuals may benefit from implants designed to handle more movement and stress.
- Knee condition: The size and position of arthritis or damage will decide whether a full or partial implant is required.
- Quality and structure of bone: The structure and quality of bone must be strong enough to support certain forms of implants.
- History of diseases: Medical conditions, past surgical operations, and medications may determine which implant may be appropriate.
Usually, an orthopedic surgeon will look at the case of your knee with X-rays, MRI scans, or 3D images and help you in selecting the implant that would best suit your requirements. You should discuss your lifestyle, your expectations, as well as your concerns with your doctor. Moreover, the knee replacement surgery success rate is quite high.
Final Thoughts
Knee implants are highly individualized. Ranging from fixed-bearing to customized implants, each is designed to solve particular issues relating to the knee and serve different patient requirements. Choosing the right implant can improve mobility, enhance recovery, and increase joint lifetime.
It is important to consider the best knee replacement doctor in India for successful results. With the development of medical treatment, an increasing number of individuals can get better outcomes and continue their lives following knee replacement. Following up with your health practitioner will also ensure that you have a recovery that is successful and smooth recovery.
